---
title: "Is Andorra a tax haven? EU, French and OECD lists (2026)"
url: https://andorrefiscal.fr/en/tax/is-andorra-a-tax-haven
description: "Is Andorra a tax haven? Not on the EU list (9 October 2026), the French list (ETNC) or the OECD’s; automatic information exchange since 2018."
updated: 2026-10-11
language: en
publisher: Andorre Fiscal (https://andorrefiscal.fr)
---

# Is Andorra still a tax haven?

> Markdown version of the page https://andorrefiscal.fr/en/tax/is-andorra-a-tax-haven (Andorre Fiscal), up to date as of 11 October 2026. To cite this page, use its address: https://andorrefiscal.fr/en/tax/is-andorra-a-tax-haven

Not in the sense of the official lists: at 10 October 2026, Andorra appears neither on the European Union’s blacklist nor on France’s list of non-cooperative states and territories, and the OECD removed it from its list of uncooperative tax havens in 2009. It is a country with moderate taxation that has exchanged banking information automatically since 2018. Here are the facts, and the nuances.

By [the Andorre Fiscal editorial team](https://andorrefiscal.fr/en/about#redaction) · Verified on 11 October 2026 · [8 official sources](https://andorrefiscal.fr/en/tax/is-andorra-a-tax-haven#sources)

- **None** of the EU or French lists names it (October 2026)
- **2018** automatic exchange of banking data with France
- **6 out of 10** OECD criteria rated compliant, the others largely so (2019)
- **10%** income tax, at most

## Key points

- At 9 October 2026, Andorra appears in neither Annex I (blacklist) nor Annex II of the European Union list; it appeared in Annex II from December 2017 to December 2018.
- It is not on France’s list of non-cooperative states and territories set by the ministerial order of 15 April 2026, which has 11 jurisdictions.
- The OECD removed it from its list of uncooperative tax havens in 2009, then rated it “Largely Compliant” in 2019.
- It has exchanged financial account information automatically since 2018 and in 2025 adopted the standard known as “CRS 2.0”.
- Its taxation remains low: for a resident of France who holds a structure there, French law may treat it as a “privileged tax regime”, an analysis that needs checking.
- Its reputation dates from before 2010: direct taxes created between 2010 and 2015, very limited access to banking information and a place on the OECD list from 2002 to 2009.

## What is meant by a tax haven?

There is no single legal definition of a “tax haven”. In public debate, the expression covers different realities: very low taxation, banking secrecy, refusal to cooperate with other administrations. Official texts take a different approach: they draw up **lists of non-cooperative jurisdictions**, according to each institution’s own criteria, focused on transparency and tax cooperation.

Three lists matter for a French national: the European Union’s, France’s (the non-cooperative states and territories, or [ETNC](https://andorrefiscal.fr/en/glossary#etnc)) and, historically, the OECD’s. This site does not use the expression “tax haven” to describe Andorra, one way or the other: it keeps to the lists and the facts.

## Why was Andorra considered a tax haven?

Because, until the end of the 2000s, it combined three features that reforms have since erased: almost no direct taxes, very limited access by the authorities to banking information and a place on the OECD list.

- **Recent direct taxes**: corporate income tax and non-resident income tax were created by laws of 29 December 2010, IGI has applied since 2013 and personal income tax since 2015.
- **Banking secrecy**: according to the OECD’s 2009 report, Andorra had not then signed any information exchange agreement meeting its standards, and it could access banking information only for savings income, in cases of tax fraud, under its agreements with the European Union; tax fraud there required the falsification of documents.
- **The OECD list**: in 2002 the OECD had identified it, along with Liechtenstein and Monaco, as an uncooperative tax haven. On 10 March 2009, Andorra undertook to reform its banking secrecy legislation before 15 November 2009, and the OECD removed it from its list the same year.
- **The European Union list**: it still appeared in Annex II from December 2017 to December 2018, while it abolished the special regimes of its corporate income tax.

The reforms followed: an information exchange agreement with France as early as 22 September 2009, the creation of direct taxes, and automatic exchange of banking information since 2018. The label therefore refers mainly to the Andorra of before 2010; if it persists, it is because rates remain low, as the rest of this page shows.

## The EU blacklist and grey list: Andorra in 2026

In the update of **9 October 2026**, Andorra appears **in neither Annex I nor Annex II** of the European Union list of non-cooperative jurisdictions for tax purposes. Annex I is the “blacklist”; Annex II, often called the “grey list”, tracks the commitments made by other jurisdictions. Neither Monaco nor Andorra, France’s neighbours, appears in either annex.

**The European Union list at 9 October 2026**

| Annex | Jurisdictions |
| --- | --- |
| Annex I, the “blacklist”<br>8 jurisdictions | American Samoa, Anguilla, Guam, Palau, Russia, Turks and Caicos Islands, US Virgin Islands and Vanuatu |
| Annex II<br>10 jurisdictions | British Virgin Islands, Brunei, Eswatini, Greenland, Jordan, Montenegro, Morocco, Panama, Türkiye and Viet Nam |

Source: European Commission, update of 9 October 2026.

Andorra appeared in Annex II from December 2017 to December 2018. It came off the list after the reform of its corporate income tax, which abolished the criticised special regimes: see our guide to [corporate income tax in Andorra](https://andorrefiscal.fr/en/tax/andorra-corporate-tax) and our news item [EU blacklist: Andorra still not listed](https://andorrefiscal.fr/en/news/eu-tax-haven-blacklist-october-2026).

## France’s list of non-cooperative states and territories

**Andorra is not on it.** France keeps its own list, provided for by Article 238-0 A of the French General Tax Code; transactions with these states and territories are subject to stricter tax measures. The list in force since **27 April 2026**, set by the ministerial order of 15 April 2026, has 11 jurisdictions:

- Anguilla
- Antigua and Barbuda
- Guam
- Turks and Caicos Islands
- US Virgin Islands
- Palau
- Panama
- Russia
- American Samoa
- Vanuatu
- Viet Nam

The measures specific to ETNC therefore do not apply to transactions with Andorra. That does not mean, however, that every Andorran structure escapes the French anti-abuse rules: see [the privileged tax regime caveat](https://andorrefiscal.fr/en/tax/is-andorra-a-tax-haven#regime-privilegie) below.

## The OECD: removed from the list in 2009, “largely compliant” in 2019

Andorra, Liechtenstein and Monaco were removed in 2009 from the list of “uncooperative tax havens” that the OECD long maintained, after undertaking to apply the standards of transparency and [exchange of information](https://andorrefiscal.fr/en/tax/is-andorra-a-tax-haven#echange).

> Andorra, Liechtenstein and Monaco have all made commitments to the standards and have provided timelines in which they intend to implement them. As a result, they have been removed from the OECD’s list of unco-operative tax havens.
>
> — [OECD, Tax Co-operation 2009](https://www.oecd.org/content/dam/oecd/en/publications/reports/2009/08/tax-co-operation-2009_g1ghb619/9789264047921-en.pdf)

Since then, the Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes has assessed its members on exchange of information on request. Its November 2019 report gives Andorra’s rating:

- **overall rating in 2019“Largely Compliant”**: Largely compliant
- **criteria rated compliantthe other four largely compliant**: 6 out of 10
- **previous rating, in 2014“Partially Compliant”**: Partially compliant

The assessment covers both the legal framework, as it stood at 29 July 2019, and practice: the requests for information received between 1 April 2015 and 31 March 2018. A new assessment may change this rating; check the Global Forum’s page for the latest position.

## Automatic exchange of banking information

Since 2018, Andorran financial institutions have reported accounts held by residents of other countries to the Andorran tax authority, which passes this information on to the account holder’s country of residence, including France: this is known as [automatic exchange](https://andorrefiscal.fr/en/glossary#crs). The milestones:

Andorra and tax transparency

1. 22 September 2009

   Agreement with France on the exchange of tax information on request, still applicable thanks to the tax treaty: see [exchange of information (Article 24)](https://andorrefiscal.fr/en/tax/france-andorra-tax-treaty#dates)
2. 16 June 2014

   Adherence to the OECD declaration on automatic exchange
3. 3 December 2015

   Signature of the multilateral competent authority agreement
4. 12 February 2016

   Agreement with the European Union on automatic exchange
5. 30 November 2016

   Implementing law, Llei 19/2016
6. 2018

   First exchanges, covering 2017 data
7. 11 December 2025

   Llei 26/2025: move to “CRS 2.0”, extended to electronic money and digital assets, with enhanced due diligence

Andorra has not yet joined the OECD’s specific framework for crypto-assets (CARF); it has undertaken to do so if the OECD identifies it as a relevant jurisdiction.

## Moderate taxation, not zero taxation

Not being on the lists does not make Andorra a country without taxes. Its rates are moderate:

- **income tax, at most**: 10%
- **corporate income tax**: 10%
- **IGI, Andorra’s VAT**: 4.5%
- **contributions on salaries**: 22%

On top of these, buying a property costs about 4% in property transfer tax according to practitioners, and 6 or 10% in foreign property investment tax for non-residents and new residents. On the other hand, there is neither a wealth tax nor an inheritance tax. The full overview is in our guide to [taxes in Andorra and their rates](https://andorrefiscal.fr/en/tax/andorra-tax-system).

> **Common misconception**
>
> “Andorra is a blacklisted tax haven.”
>
> **In fact.** At 10 October 2026, it appears neither on the European Union list (Annexes I and II) nor on France’s ETNC list, and the OECD removed it from its list in 2009. Its taxation is low, but it has exchanged banking information automatically since 2018.

## The “privileged tax regime” caveat in French law

Not being on the ETNC list does not settle everything. French law has another concept, the “privileged tax regime”, defined in Article 238 A of the French General Tax Code: since 1 January 2020, a person is subject to one if they are not liable to tax in the State concerned, or if the tax they pay there is **40% or more lower** than the tax they would have paid in France under the ordinary rules.

With corporate income tax of 10%, against a standard French rate of 25%, an Andorran company pays 60% less tax. In our analysis, Andorra therefore in principle meets this criterion for companies (indicative calculation: 25% × 60% = 15%; a tax below 15% is enough). This is not a status published by the tax authorities, but a classification assessed case by case.

It can trigger anti-abuse rules for a resident of France who holds an Andorran structure:

- stricter conditions for deducting certain payments (Article 238 A);
- taxation in France of the profits of controlled companies (Article 209 B);
- taxation in France of the income of structures held by individuals (Article 123 bis).

> **Caution: An analysis that needs checking**
>
> Whether these rules apply depends on precise conditions: level of shareholding, nature of the income, genuine activity, safe-harbour clauses. If you are a resident of France and are considering a company or another structure in Andorra, have the analysis checked by a professional before making any decision. See also the [economic substance required of an Andorran company](https://andorrefiscal.fr/en/business/economic-substance) and what France can tax in the hands of the [shareholder or director still in France](https://andorrefiscal.fr/en/tax/andorra-corporate-tax#associe-france).

## How should it be described accurately?

> **Key point: The exact wording at 10 October 2026**
>
> “Andorra does not appear on any official list of non-cooperative jurisdictions (European Union, France, OECD). It is a jurisdiction with moderate taxation that has exchanged banking information automatically with France since 2018.”

For a French national who moves there, this transparency has a simple consequence: an account in Andorra is not invisible to the French tax authorities, and French rules continue to apply as long as the tax domicile remains in France. The criteria to meet in order to change residence are set out in our guide to [becoming tax resident in Andorra](https://andorrefiscal.fr/en/tax/tax-residency), and the allocation of taxing rights between the two countries in our guide to the [France–Andorra tax treaty](https://andorrefiscal.fr/en/tax/france-andorra-tax-treaty). For a general portrait of the country, see [Andorra at a glance: population, institutions, European Union](https://andorrefiscal.fr/en/living-in-andorra/andorra-at-a-glance).

## Frequently asked questions

### Is Andorra on the European Union blacklist?

No. In the update of 9 October 2026, it appears neither in Annex I, the blacklist, nor in Annex II. It had appeared in Annex II from December 2017 to December 2018, before the [reform of its corporate income tax](https://andorrefiscal.fr/en/tax/andorra-corporate-tax#anciens-regimes).

### Is Andorra one of the non-cooperative states and territories for France?

No. The list set by the ministerial order of 15 April 2026, in force since 27 April 2026, has 11 jurisdictions, including Panama, Russia and Viet Nam; Andorra is not one of them.

### Do Andorran banks pass information to the French tax authorities?

Yes. Andorra has practised automatic exchange of financial account information since 2018, for 2017 data, in particular with the countries of the European Union, including France. It extended this system in 2025 with the standard known as “CRS 2.0”.

### Does banking secrecy still protect accounts in Andorra?

It no longer prevents information from being passed to foreign tax authorities: Andorra has exchanged information on request with France since the 2009 agreement, and automatically since 2018. In 2019 the OECD rated its system of exchange on request “largely compliant”.

### Is an Andorran company held from France a tax risk?

It can be. With [corporate income tax](https://andorrefiscal.fr/en/tax/andorra-corporate-tax) of 10%, an Andorran company in principle falls, in our analysis, under a “privileged tax regime” within the meaning of French law, which can trigger anti-abuse rules for its shareholder resident in France. This analysis should be checked by a professional, case by case.

### Why was Andorra removed from the OECD list?

In 2009, Andorra, Liechtenstein and Monaco undertook to apply the OECD standards on transparency and exchange of information, and set a timetable for implementing them. The OECD then removed them from its list of uncooperative tax havens.

### Why do people still say that Andorra is a tax haven?

Because of its past, and because its rates remain low. Corporate income tax was only created at the end of 2010 and personal income tax has only existed since 2015; in 2002 the OECD had identified Andorra as an uncooperative tax haven. Removed from that list in 2009, it appears on no official list today, but its income tax remains at most 10%.

[Read: Why was Andorra considered a tax haven?](https://andorrefiscal.fr/en/tax/is-andorra-a-tax-haven#pourquoi)

### Can you move to Andorra solely to pay less tax?

Changing your country of residence is a lawful choice, but it only has a tax effect if the residence is genuine: subject to the treaty, France continues to tax anyone who keeps their home, their main activity or the centre of their economic interests there, and Andorra passes banking information to it automatically. The tax treaty also denies its benefits to arrangements one of whose principal purposes is to obtain a tax advantage.

[Read: Tax residency](https://andorrefiscal.fr/en/tax/tax-residency)

## Sources

1. [European Commission: update of the EU list of 9 October 2026](https://taxation-customs.ec.europa.eu/news/council-updates-eu-list-non-cooperative-tax-jurisdictions-cooperation-delivers-further-progress-2026-10-09_en) — Annexes I and II: Andorra does not appear in them.
2. [Ministerial order of 12 February 2010 setting the list of ETNC, as amended by the order of 15 April 2026 (Légifrance)](https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/loda/id/JORFTEXT000021838443) — Eleven non-cooperative states and territories since 27 April 2026; Andorra is not among them.
3. [OECD, Global Forum: peer review report on Andorra (2019)](https://www.oecd.org/content/dam/oecd/en/publications/reports/2019/11/global-forum-on-transparency-and-exchange-of-information-for-tax-purposes-andorra-2019-second-round_ef952280/7f57533b-en.pdf) — Overall rating “Largely Compliant” in 2019, “Partially Compliant” in 2014.
4. [OECD, Tax Co-operation 2009](https://www.oecd.org/content/dam/oecd/en/publications/reports/2009/08/tax-co-operation-2009_g1ghb619/9789264047921-en.pdf) — Andorra identified in 2002 as an uncooperative tax haven; limited access to banking information; commitment of 10 March 2009 to reform banking secrecy; removal from the list.
5. [Llei 95/2010 on corporate income tax, consolidated version](https://www.portaljuridicandorra.ad/L2010095) — Law of 29 December 2010 creating corporate income tax.
6. [Llei 26/2025 on the automatic exchange of information (CRS 2.0)](https://www.portaljuridicandorra.ad/L2025026) — History of automatic exchange since 2014; extension to electronic money and digital assets.
7. [French General Tax Code, Article 238 A (Légifrance)](https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/codes/article_lc/LEGIARTI000037526846) — Definition of a privileged tax regime: tax 40% or more lower than French tax, since 1 January 2020.
8. [France–Andorra tax treaty (Decree No. 2015-878)](https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/jorf/id/JORFTEXT000030907404) — Article 24: the information exchange agreement of 22 September 2009 remains applicable.

Consolidated texts on the Portal jurídic d’Andorra have no official value: only the version published in the BOPA is authentic. [How we verify](https://andorrefiscal.fr/en/methodology).

**General information, not advice.** This guide sets out the rules in force on 11 October 2026, based on official texts. It is no substitute for a professional review of your situation (lawyer, tax adviser, gestoria). Spotted an error or a change? [Write to us](https://andorrefiscal.fr/en/contact).

## Further reading

- [EU tax haven blacklist: Andorra not listed in October 2026](https://andorrefiscal.fr/en/news/eu-tax-haven-blacklist-october-2026): The 9 October 2026 update does not name Andorra, in either Annex I or Annex II.
- [Taxes in Andorra](https://andorrefiscal.fr/en/tax/andorra-tax-system): Every tax and its rates
- [Corporate income tax](https://andorrefiscal.fr/en/tax/andorra-corporate-tax): Rates, regimes and obligations
- [Basing your company in Andorra](https://andorrefiscal.fr/en/business/economic-substance): The economic substance required
- [France–Andorra tax treaty](https://andorrefiscal.fr/en/tax/france-andorra-tax-treaty): Who taxes what, since 2013
- [Andorra at a glance](https://andorrefiscal.fr/en/living-in-andorra/andorra-at-a-glance): Institutions, co-principality, euro, EU