---
title: "Is Andorra in the EU? Schengen, euro, population (2026)"
url: https://andorrefiscal.fr/en/living-in-andorra/andorra-at-a-glance
description: "Andorra in 2026: 90,021 inhabitants, seven parishes, two co-princes, the euro without being in the EU or the Schengen area. The official facts."
updated: 2026-10-11
language: en
publisher: Andorre Fiscal (https://andorrefiscal.fr)
---

# Andorra at a glance: the country, its population and institutions

> Markdown version of the page https://andorrefiscal.fr/en/living-in-andorra/andorra-at-a-glance (Andorre Fiscal), up to date as of 11 October 2026. To cite this page, use its address: https://andorrefiscal.fr/en/living-in-andorra/andorra-at-a-glance

Andorra is a parliamentary co-principality in the mountains, with about 90,000 inhabitants, between France and Spain. It uses the euro without belonging to the European Union. Here are the essential facts, checked against the official texts, before you go to live in Andorra.

By [the Andorre Fiscal editorial team](https://andorrefiscal.fr/en/about#redaction) · Verified on 11 October 2026 · [13 official sources](https://andorrefiscal.fr/en/living-in-andorra/andorra-at-a-glance#sources)

- **90,021** inhabitants at 31 July 2026
- **≈ 468 km²** in area
- **7** parishes
- **1993** year of the Constitution

## Key points

- Andorra is an independent State whose political system is a parliamentary co-principality, under the Constitution approved by referendum on 14 March 1993.
- The two co-princes, the Bishop of Urgell and the President of the French Republic, together form the head of state; political power lies with the Consell General (the Parliament) and the Govern (the government).
- The country had 90,021 inhabitants at 31 July 2026, 55.4% of them foreign nationals, spread across seven parishes, each administered by a comú.
- Catalan is the only official language; the euro is the official currency under a monetary agreement with the European Union.
- Andorra is a member neither of the European Union, nor of the euro area, nor of the Schengen area: you enter through a border post, with a passport or an identity card; the association agreement with the Union, whose signing is announced for October 2026, will only take effect after its ratification.

## What is the co-principality of Andorra?

According to its Constitution, Andorra is “an independent, democratic and social State governed by the rule of law”. Its official name is Principat d’Andorra (Principality of Andorra) and its political system is a **parliamentary co-principality**.

This Constitution is recent. Adopted by the Consell General on 2 February 1993, it was approved by referendum on **14 March 1993**, then promulgated by the two co-princes on 28 April 1993. The country then acquired, for the first time in its history, a written Constitution.

The head of state is not one person but a two-headed institution: the [co-princes](https://andorrefiscal.fr/en/glossary#coprinces). Their origins go back to the Paréages, two thirteenth-century arbitral awards that settled the disputes between the Count of Foix and the Bishop of Urgell.

> The Co-Princes, an institution arising from the Paréages and their historical evolution, are, personally and exclusively, the Bishop of Urgell and the President of the French Republic. Their powers are equal and derive from this Constitution.
>
> — [Constitution of the Principality of Andorra, Article 43.2 (French edition of the Consell General, free translation)](https://www.apda.ad/assets/pdf/constitucio_fr.pdf)

The co-princes are “the symbol and guarantee” of the permanence and independence of Andorra; they “arbitrate and moderate” the functioning of the public authorities (Article 44). Political power, on the other hand, belongs to the Parliament and the government.

## Who governs Andorra?

Four institutions shape public life. Their role is laid down by the Constitution.

**Andorran institutions**

| Institution | Composition | Role |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Co-princes | The Bishop of Urgell and the President of the French Republic | Head of state, jointly; arbitration and representation |
| [Consell General](https://andorrefiscal.fr/en/glossary#consell-general) | From 28 to 42 general councillors elected for 4 years: half by the seven parishes, in equal numbers, the other half in a national constituency | Legislative power, approval of the budget, steering and scrutiny of the government |
| [Govern](https://andorrefiscal.fr/en/glossary#govern) | The cap de Govern (head of government), elected by the Consell General, and the ministers | National and international policy, direction of the administration, regulatory power |
| [Comuns](https://andorrefiscal.fr/en/glossary#comu) | A comú (parish council) elected in each of the seven parishes | Population census, land register, town planning, roads, parish public services, parish taxes |

Source: Constitution, Articles 43 to 80.

One point matters for a future resident: only Andorrans vote in general elections. The Constitution reserves the right to vote and to stand for election to “Andorrans in full possession of their political rights” (Article 51). As more than half of the inhabitants are foreign nationals, a large share of the population does not take part in these elections.

The comuns enjoy administrative and financial autonomy. Each sets its own taxes within the limits of the law: the [foc i lloc](https://andorrefiscal.fr/en/glossary#foc-i-lloc), property tax, the comú share of property transfer tax. The details are in our guide [Where to live in Andorra: the seven parishes](https://andorrefiscal.fr/en/living-in-andorra/parishes).

## Population of Andorra in 2026: how many inhabitants?

According to the Departament d’Estadística (the Govern’s statistics office), Andorra had **90,021 inhabitants at 31 July 2026**, i.e. 1.9% more than a year earlier (+1,715 people).

- **Estimated inhabitantsat 31 July 2026**: 90,021
- **Registered in the parish censuseson the same date**: 94,596
- **Residents of foreign nationality**: 55.4%

> **Good to know: Two population figures, two methods**
>
> The comuns keep a census fed by registrations and deregistrations: it counted 94,596 people at 31 July 2026. The Departament d’Estadística cross-checks this census against other administrative registers to estimate the population actually resident, i.e. 90,021 people. It is this second figure that should be used.

**Population by nationality at 31 July 2026**

| Nationality | Residents (share) | Over one year |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Andorran | 40,128 (44.6%) | +1.2% |
| Spanish | 21,225 (23.6%) | +1.8% |
| Portuguese | 8,309 (9.2%) | −1.9% |
| French | 4,263 (4.7%) | +6.3% |
| Other | 16,096 (17.9%) | +5.2% |

Source: Departament d’Estadística, bulletin A001 for July 2026, published on 13 August 2026.

The population is mostly of working age: 73.3% of inhabitants are aged between 15 and 64, 10.6% are under 15 and 16.1% are 65 or over. The breakdown of the [population by parish](https://andorrefiscal.fr/en/living-in-andorra/parishes#population) is in our guide to the parishes.

> **Common misconception**
>
> “Andorra has 77,000 to 80,000 inhabitants.”
>
> **In fact.** These figures are out of date. The official estimate reaches 90,021 inhabitants at 31 July 2026, after 89,752 at 30 June.

## Area and terrain: a mountain country

Andorra covers 468 km² in the Pyrenees, between France and Spain, according to the French Ministry of Foreign Affairs’ country profile. It is made up of seven parishes (parròquies): Canillo, Encamp, Ordino, La Massana, Andorra la Vella, Sant Julià de Lòria and Escaldes-Engordany. Andorra la Vella is its capital (Constitution, Article 2).

The terrain is mountainous throughout. The highest point, the Alt de Comapedrosa, reaches 2,942 m, and the capital itself lies at an altitude of more than 1,000 m. Settlement is concentrated on the valley floors: Andorra la Vella (24,884 inhabitants) and Escaldes-Engordany (16,350) between them account for almost half of residents (indicative calculation: 41,234 inhabitants out of 90,021, i.e. 45.8%).

The character of each parish, its taxes and its services are compared in our guide to the [7 parishes of Andorra](https://andorrefiscal.fr/en/living-in-andorra/parishes#choisir).

## Catalan, the only official language

**Catalan** is the only official language of the State (Constitution, Article 2), and Llei 6/2024 on Andorra’s own and official language strengthens its use. French and Spanish remain very present: a French school system and a Spanish one coexist with the Andorran system, and almost a quarter of residents are of Spanish nationality.

For a newcomer, Catalan becomes a gradual obligation: level A1 then A2 at the renewals of a residence and work permit. To find out [what language is spoken in Andorra](https://andorrefiscal.fr/en/living-in-andorra/languages) in everyday life, backed by official figures, see our guide to languages.

## Is Andorra part of the European Union?

No. Andorra **is a member neither of the European Union, nor of the European Economic Area, nor of the Schengen area**. Its relations with the Union rest on a [customs union](https://andorrefiscal.fr/en/glossary#union-douaniere) limited to industrial products, stemming from a 1990 agreement, and on sectoral agreements, including the one on the automatic exchange of financial information. On the other hand, it has been a member of the United Nations since 28 July 1993.

**In force — What applies**

- The euro, the official currency
- The customs union for industrial products
- The automatic exchange of information on financial accounts, since 2018

**Not applicable — What does not apply**

- Membership of the European Union and of the euro area
- Freedom for citizens of the Union to settle
- The Schengen area

**Under way — The association agreement**

- Signing authorised by the Council of the EU on 16 July 2026
- Signing announced for 19 October 2026
- Then ratification; a referendum is planned in Andorra

### The euro, but not the euro area

Andorra uses the euro as its official currency under a **monetary agreement** with the European Union, signed on 30 June 2011 and in force since 1 April 2012. It has the right to mint, in limited quantities, euro coins with a national side, but not to issue banknotes. The European Commission places it, together with Monaco, San Marino and Vatican City, among the countries that have adopted the euro by agreement without belonging either to the European Union or to the euro area.

### Neither the EU nor Schengen: what this changes at the border

The Schengen area has 29 countries, four of them outside the Union: Iceland, Norway, Switzerland and Liechtenstein. Andorra is not part of it: according to the French Ministry of Foreign Affairs, entry into its territory is through a border post, with a valid passport or national identity card, including for minors. The documents accepted are detailed on our page on [entry formalities for Andorra](https://andorrefiscal.fr/en/living-in-andorra/getting-to-andorra#formalites).

To settle there, a French or Spanish citizen needs, like any foreign national, a residence permit to live in Andorra and a work permit to work there. The [association agreement](https://andorrefiscal.fr/en/glossary#accord-association) will only take effect after its ratification: until then, nothing changes. See our news item on [the association agreement between Andorra and the European Union](https://andorrefiscal.fr/en/news/eu-andorra-association-agreement).

## The economy: what does Andorra live on?

Services, first and foremost. According to the advance estimate of the Departament d’Estadística, published on 30 March 2026, Andorra’s gross domestic product (GDP) reached **€3,983.2 million in 2025**, up 3.9% in volume. Relative to the population, GDP per capita stood at €44,726 in nominal terms, 4.3% more than in 2024.

- **Andorra’s GDP2025, advance estimate**: €3,983.2 million
- **Real growth2025**: +3.9%
- **GDP per capita2025, nominal value**: €44,726

**Weight of sectors in gross value added in 2025**

| Sector of activity | Share of value added |
| --- | --- |
| Services | 85.4% |
| of which finance, real estate, professional and technical activities | 38.4% |
| of which trade, transport, hotels and restaurants, information and communication | 27.0% |
| of which public administration, education, health, social and personal services | 20.0% |
| Construction | 9.4% |
| Agriculture | 0.5% |

Source: Departament d’Estadística, note A092 and A093 of 30 March 2026. Industry accounts for the remainder, i.e. about 4.7% (indicative calculation).

The labour market reflects this structure: in June 2026, the largest employers were real estate activities and business services, construction, hotels and restaurants, public administration and retail trade. Unemployment is very low, at 1.3% of the labour force in 2025 according to the official labour force survey. Salaries and the sectors that are recruiting are presented in our guide to [working in Andorra](https://andorrefiscal.fr/en/living-in-andorra/jobs-and-salaries).

## Is Andorra a safe country?

The official figures show a decline: the Andorran police recorded **4,009 criminal offences in 2025**, 2.5% fewer than in 2024 (4,110), comprising 2,255 offences and 1,754 petty offences. Offences against property account for the largest share (1,085 offences, including 691 simple thefts), ahead of assaults (328, down 4.1%).

Offences are concentrated in Andorra la Vella (41.7%), Escaldes-Engordany (9.9%) and at the border with Spain (9.8%), in other words where shops and people passing through are also concentrated.

> **Caution: No per-capita “crime rate”**
>
> Relating these offences to residents alone would distort comparisons with other countries: Andorra welcomes a large number of visitors every year, who are also perpetrators or victims of offences. No official per-capita rate is published. Be wary of figures of this kind that are circulating.

## Living in Andorra: where to start?

The strengths and constraints of everyday life are summarised on our page [living in Andorra: pros and cons](https://andorrefiscal.fr/en/living-in-andorra). Settling in always starts with a residence permit, whose type depends on your plans: employee, self-employed, passive residency or other. Then comes housing, often the hardest step, followed by registration with the comú, healthcare and the children’s schooling.

- Choose the status suited to your plans: [Types of residency](https://andorrefiscal.fr/en/residency/residency-types);
- Find housing: [renting a home in Andorra](https://andorrefiscal.fr/en/living-in-andorra/renting);
- Estimate your budget: [cost of living in Andorra](https://andorrefiscal.fr/en/living-in-andorra/cost-of-living);
- Understand [taxes in Andorra](https://andorrefiscal.fr/en/tax/andorra-tax-system).

On the tax side, Andorra appears neither on the European Union’s list of non-cooperative jurisdictions (update of 9 October 2026) nor on France’s list of non-cooperative states and territories. It has exchanged information on financial accounts automatically with France since 2018. Further reading: [Is Andorra a tax haven?](https://andorrefiscal.fr/en/tax/is-andorra-a-tax-haven)

## Frequently asked questions

### Who is the head of state in Andorra?

The two co-princes, jointly: the Bishop of Urgell and the President of the French Republic. The 1993 Constitution specifies that their powers are equal. They arbitrate the functioning of the institutions, but the country’s policy is conducted by the Govern, under the scrutiny of the Consell General.

### Can foreign nationals vote in Andorra?

Not in general elections. Under the Constitution, only Andorrans in full possession of their political rights may vote in elections to the Consell General and stand for election to it. Yet more than half of residents (55.4% at 31 July 2026) are of foreign nationality.

[Read: Languages and integration › Integrating: census registration, rights and local life](https://andorrefiscal.fr/en/living-in-andorra/languages#integration)

### Is Andorra part of the European Union?

No. It is a member neither of the European Union, nor of the European Economic Area, nor of the Schengen area. It uses the euro thanks to a monetary agreement and forms a customs union with the Union for industrial products. An association agreement is due to be signed in October 2026; it will only apply after ratification.

[Read: Andorra–EU association agreement: signing announced for 19 October](https://andorrefiscal.fr/en/news/eu-andorra-association-agreement)

### Is Andorra part of the Schengen area?

No. According to the French Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Andorra is not part of the Schengen area: entry into its territory is through a border post, and every traveller, adult or minor, must present a valid passport or national identity card. No visa is required for nationals of the European Union.

[Read: Getting to Andorra › Identity card or passport: entry formalities](https://andorrefiscal.fr/en/living-in-andorra/getting-to-andorra#formalites)

### What is the area of Andorra?

468 km², according to the French Ministry of Foreign Affairs’ country profile. This mountainous territory, whose highest point reaches 2,942 m, is divided into seven parishes and had 90,021 inhabitants at 31 July 2026.

[Read: Where to live: the 7 parishes](https://andorrefiscal.fr/en/living-in-andorra/parishes)

### How many French people live in Andorra?

The Departament d’Estadística counted 4,263 residents of French nationality at 31 July 2026, i.e. 4.7% of the population. Their number rose by 6.3% in one year, the sharpest increase among the nationalities detailed in the official bulletin.

[Read: Languages and integration › Can you live in Andorra speaking only French?](https://andorrefiscal.fr/en/living-in-andorra/languages#francais-espagnol)

### What is the capital of Andorra?

Andorra la Vella, capital of the State under Article 2 of the Constitution. It is also the most populous parish, with 24,884 inhabitants at 31 July 2026. Together with its neighbour, Escaldes-Engordany, it forms the country’s main urban centre.

[Read: Where to live: the 7 parishes › The urban core: Andorra la Vella and Escaldes-Engordany](https://andorrefiscal.fr/en/living-in-andorra/parishes#centre)

### What currency is used in Andorra?

The euro, under the monetary agreement signed with the European Union on 30 June 2011, which entered into force on 1 April 2012. Andorra has the right to issue its own euro coins, but not banknotes.

### How long has Andorra had a Constitution?

Since 1993, for the first time in its history. The text was approved by referendum on 14 March 1993, then promulgated by the co-princes on 28 April 1993. It establishes the system of parliamentary co-principality, fundamental rights and the role of each institution.

## Sources

1. [Constitution of the Principality of Andorra, French edition of the Consell General](https://www.apda.ad/assets/pdf/constitucio_fr.pdf) — Political system, co-princes, Consell General, Govern, comuns, official language, capital, parishes.
2. [Departament d’Estadística, A001 and A003: population estimates, July 2026](https://sig.govern.ad/SIGDDE.Public/Files/Documents/Notes_premsa_noticies/A001_A003_20260813_A.pdf) — Population by parish, by nationality and by age at 31 July 2026.
3. [Monetary Agreement between the European Union and the Principality of Andorra (EUR-Lex)](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/FR/TXT/?uri=CELEX:22011A1217(01)) — The euro as official currency and the right to issue coins.
4. [European Commission: the euro outside the euro area](https://economy-finance.ec.europa.eu/euro/use-euro/euro-outside-euro-area_en) — Andorra, Monaco, San Marino and Vatican City use the euro by monetary agreement, without belonging either to the EU or to the euro area; coins with a national side, no banknotes.
5. [European Commission: the Schengen area](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/schengen/schengen-area_en) — 29 countries: 25 EU Member States, plus Iceland, Norway, Switzerland and Liechtenstein.
6. [France Diplomatie: travel advice, Andorra, entry and stay (updated on 15 September 2026)](https://www.diplomatie.gouv.fr/fr/information-par-pays/andorre/conseils-aux-voyageurs-entree-sejour) — Outside Schengen, entry through a border post; valid passport or national identity card.
7. [France Diplomatie: presentation of Andorra](https://www.diplomatie.gouv.fr/fr/information-par-pays/andorre/presentation-d-andorre) — Area of 468 km²; member of the United Nations since 28 July 1993.
8. [Departament d’Estadística, A092 and A093: advance GDP estimate, 2025 (30 March 2026)](https://sig.govern.ad/SIGDDE.Public/Files/Documents/Notes_premsa_noticies/A092_A093_20260330_A.pdf) — Nominal GDP of €3,983.2 million, real growth of 3.9%, GDP per capita of €44,726, weight of each sector.
9. [Departament d’Estadística, A018: labour force survey, 2025 (28 May 2026)](https://sig.govern.ad/SIGDDE.Public/Files/Documents/Notes_premsa_noticies/A018_20260528_A.pdf) — Unemployment rate of 1.3% in 2025.
10. [European Commission, Access2Markets: the EU–Andorra customs union](https://trade.ec.europa.eu/access-to-markets/en/content/eu-andorra-customs-union) — Customs union limited to industrial products.
11. [Council of the European Union, press release of 16 July 2026](https://www.consilium.europa.eu/en/press/press-releases/2026/07/16/council-greenlights-eu-deal-with-andorra-and-san-marino/) — The Council’s green light for the signing of the association agreement.
12. [Departament d’Estadística, A064: offences recorded in 2025](https://sig.govern.ad/SIGDDE.Public/Files/Documents/Notes_premsa_noticies/A064_20260608_A.pdf) — 4,009 criminal offences in 2025, down 2.5%.
13. [European Commission, EU list of non-cooperative jurisdictions (9 October 2026)](https://taxation-customs.ec.europa.eu/news/council-updates-eu-list-non-cooperative-tax-jurisdictions-cooperation-delivers-further-progress-2026-10-09_en) — Andorra appears in neither Annex I nor Annex II.

Consolidated texts on the Portal jurídic d’Andorra have no official value: only the version published in the BOPA is authentic. [How we verify](https://andorrefiscal.fr/en/methodology).

**General information, not advice.** This guide sets out the rules in force on 11 October 2026, based on official texts. It is no substitute for a professional review of your situation (lawyer, tax adviser, gestoria). Spotted an error or a change? [Write to us](https://andorrefiscal.fr/en/contact).

## Further reading

- [Where to live: the 7 parishes](https://andorrefiscal.fr/en/living-in-andorra/parishes): From Canillo to Sant Julià
- [Languages and integration](https://andorrefiscal.fr/en/living-in-andorra/languages): Catalan, French, Spanish
- [Types of residency](https://andorrefiscal.fr/en/residency/residency-types): Every status compared
- [Andorra–EU association agreement: signing announced for 19 October](https://andorrefiscal.fr/en/news/eu-andorra-association-agreement): What the agreement provides, its timetable, and why nothing changes yet.
- [Is Andorra a tax haven?](https://andorrefiscal.fr/en/tax/is-andorra-a-tax-haven): OECD, automatic exchange, treaties